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Private IPv4 addresses are defined by RFC 1918, which specifies certain address ranges that are designated for use within private networks and are not routable on the public Internet. These address ranges are:

1. 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0/8)

2. 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0/12)

3. 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0/16)

Devices on private networks can communicate with each other using these addresses, but to access the public Internet, they typically require Network Address Translation (NAT) to convert their private addresses into a public address.

The other options do not fit the criteria for private addresses. Public addresses are routable on the Internet and can be assigned to devices for direct access. Reserved system addresses refer to specific addresses set aside for special usage but do not include the ranges defined for private networking. Dynamic IP addresses denote addresses that may change and can be either public or private, depending on their allocation. They do not specifically categorize private