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Preventive controls are designed primarily to stop security incidents before they happen. Their main purpose is to provide proactive measures that deter potential threats and vulnerabilities. This includes implementing policies, procedures, and technological measures that make it difficult or impossible for an attack or violation to occur in the first place. For example, access controls, authentication mechanisms, encryption, and security awareness training all serve to prevent unauthorized access, data breaches, and other security incidents.

By focusing on measures that prevent actions from occurring, organizations can significantly reduce the likelihood of security breaches and ensure a more secure environment.